Iliad book 16 patroclus iliad

Along with the odyssey, the iliad is among the oldest extant works of western literature, and its written version is usually dated to around the 8th century bc. Choose from 500 different sets of iliad iliad book 16 flashcards on quizlet. Learn the iliad book 16 with free interactive flashcards. For zeus son, sarpedon, it was a spear through the heart, and for hector, it was the bronze. Homer, iliad book 16 theoi classical texts library. Zeuss speech makes it clear to the reader that a predestined.

Read book 16 death of patroclus of the iliad by homer. Even though patroklos is an important character in the iliad, homer gives little attention to him until the ninth book, and even then, the focus is not on patroklos himself, but on his relationship to achilles. Jul, 2016 summary and analysis of book 16 of homers iliad, with a focus on patroclus pride, lust for glory, and death. Achilles refuses to physically help, but offers patroclus his armor so that he can fight. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of the iliad and what it means. Each main character, either by a spear or merely a scratch from an arrow, was wounded or killed during the progression of the story. Note that the line numbers in square brackets refer to the greek text. You will see things just as they are, being a halfblood, but humans will interpret things quite differently. Achilles tells him he has no reason to grieve, saying that agamemnon s men are repaid for their offenses. If youve read book 16, youll know that what patroklos says is technically true. It is a curious fact about the iliad that, for all its focus on the theme of death, it rarely shows characters longing for immortality. Learn iliad iliad book 16 with free interactive flashcards. Murray 1 thus then they were warring around the wellbenched ship, but patroclus drew nigh to achilles, shepherd of the host, shedding hot tears, even as a fountain of dark water that down over the face of a beetling cliff poureth its dusky stream.

Poseidon comes down to the battlefield and takes the form of calchas the seer. Revisiting the apostrophes to patroclus in iliad 16. Patroclus first aimed a spear into the middle of the press where men. Patroclus approaches achilles in tears and achilles asks him why he is. Patroclus has fallen, who was the bravest of the achaeans, and sorely will the danaans miss him. Hektor was only the third person to strike him though he was the only one to deliver a fatal blow. Patroclus arms for battle in all respects but for achilles weighted, heavy, tough spear 16. Homers iliad book 23 funeral games for patroclus duration.

Achilles dreams of patroclus and sees patroclus urging achilles to carry out his burial rites. Like a girl, a baby running after her mother, begging to be picked up, and she tugs her skirts. Menelaus kills euphorbus, the young trojan who stabbed patroclus in the back, but backs off when hector joins the fight. The iliad by homer book 16 knowitall to knownothing. The battle rages on between the trojan and achaean forces, and patroclus devises a scheme to free the achaean ships from the trojans. Sep 18, 2011 hector taunts the fallen man, but with his dying words patroclus foretells hectors own death. Summary patroclus seeks achilles, crying and pleading for help, about how the aechaeans are losing the war.

Menelaos gets in a fight with euphorbosthe first man to spear patroklos in book 16over patrokloss body. Patroclus killed many trojans and trojan allies, including a son of zeus, sarpedon. He and euphorbus trade insults, and menelaus reminds him that he killed euphorbus brother hyperenor. This lesson focuses on book 16 of the iliad by homer. The iliad of homer popebook 16 wikisource, the free. Whenever divine or monstrous elements mix with the mortal world, they generate mist, which obscures the vision of humans. Menelaos kills euphorbos and starts stripping off his gear, but then backs down in the face of stronger trojan numbers. Regardless, the epics attributed to homer have become the chief source for world mythology, early human society, and life in ancient greece. As the fight continues, patroclus come to achilles in tears.

For the table of contents of the iliad, please use the following link. Murray 1 but when the trojans in their flight had passed over the palisade and the trench, and many had been vanquished beneath the hands of the danaans, then beside their chariots they stayed, and were halted, pale with fear, terrorstricken. Summary and analysis of book 16 of homers iliad, with a focus on patroclus pride, lust for glory, and death. Then patroclus sprang like mars with fierce intent and a terrific shout upon the trojans, and thrice did he kill nine men. Achilles asks him about everything apart from the battle. Litcharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in the iliad, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. First, the priest chryses comes to ask their leader, king agamemnon, to release his daughter, whom agamemnon was holding captive. In the tenth year of the trojan war, tensions are running high among the achaians a superancient name for the ancient greeks. Menelaus sees the death of patroclus, and he goes to defend the body. Zeus knows that the death of patroclus will force achilles to fight for the greeks achaeansdanaansargives.

All the same, it definitely sounds like patroklos is trying to knock hektors ego down a few notches, basically telling him he talks the talk, but doesnt walk the. The iliad book 16 death of patroclus american literature. Achilles declines to fight but agrees to the exchange of armor, with the understanding that patroclus will fight only long enough to save the ships. Read powerpoints on achilles in books 118 and the homeric gods. In the modern vulgate the standard accepted version, the iliad contains 15,693 lines. Zeus decides hectors body should be returned to priam. The iliad is paired with something of a sequel, the odyssey, also attributed to homer. The iliad cliffsnotes study guides book summaries, test. He agrees to it, hut at the same time charges him to content himself with rescuing. He has made a fatal decision, and the deaths of sarpedon, patroklos, hektor, achilles himself, and the fall of troy all inevitably follow. Book 16 meanwhile, patroclus goes to achilles tent and begs to be allowed to wear achilles armor if achilles still refuses to rejoin the battle himself. Battles over fallen comrades become more significant in book 16. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans.

Achilles asks patroclus to try to kill agamemnon and make it look like an accident. Patroclus in pursuance of the request of nestor in the eleventh book entreats achilles to suffer him to go to the assistance of the greeks with achilles troops and armour. Homer, iliad book 15 theoi classical texts library. The deaths of sarpedon and patroklos in this book introduce an elegiac tone into the last part of the iliad, as the characters that the reader sees. And the brilliant runner achilles saw him coming, filled with pity and spoke out winging words. The desire to protect sarpedons body motivates hector to return to battle where hector and patroclus face off in a literal tugofwar over the body of hectors driver. Achilles also warns him to only go to the ships and not any further.

So they fought to the death around that benched beaked ship as patroclus reached achilles, his great commander, and wept warm tears like a dark spring running down some desolate rock face, its shaded currents flowing. Some scholars allege that the epics the iliad and the odyssey were actually composed by a group of storytellers who worked in the oral tradition. This is one of the few times when this happens, and it is interesting that hektor says it out of excitement wanting the moment to last forever instead of despair at a moment passing. Noble achilles, the fleet of foot, saw and pitied him, and spoke to him with winged words. Hector taunts the fallen man, but with his dying words patroclus foretells hectors own death.

Euphorbus attempts to strip patroclus armor, but menelaus kills him. In fact, one rarely sees patroklos as an individual. As they fought on around the benched ship, patroclus, hot tears pouring down his face like a stream of dark water flowing in dusky streaks down the face of a sheer cliff, returned to achilles, leader of men. The fate of patroclus in the iliad of homer schoolworkhelper. In the iliad, the overwhelming majority of apostrophes are addressed to patroclus 8 times, all of them in book 16 and menelaus 7 times. What does achilles ask patroclus to do as he leaves to defend the ships in book 16 of the iliad. Menelaus, fighting nearby, watches the death of patroclus. Patroclus returns to achilles camp, crying with pity for the achaean losses. Throughout the iliad of homer, the constant theme of death is inherently apparent. Then over patroclus came grief for his slain comrade, and he charged through the foremost fighters like a fleet falcon that driveth in flight daws and starlings. Antilochus, weeping and groaning, grasped achilles hand, fearing he might take his knife and cut his own throat, so heartfelt was his noble grief. This is a crucial book and a turning point because in it zeus sits idly by knowing his son sarpedon will be killed, and achilles friend patroclus is also killed. Achilles holds a day of funeral games and awards prizes. A fierce battle rages over patroclus s body with gods assisting fighters on both sides.